African Trypanosomiasis (PAAT)
The Programme Against African Trypanosomiasis (PAAT) was created in order to harmonize and coordinate the activities of the four mandated international organizations (AU, FAO, IAEA, WHO) in relation to tsetse, trypanosomiasis and sustainable agriculture and enhance international assistance to tsetse affected countries.

African trypanosomiasis. The UNICEF-UNDP-World Bank-WHO Special Programme for Re
African trypanosomiasis, also known as sleeping sickness, is a severe disease, which is fatal if left untreated. It is closely related to a widespread infection of cattle known as N’gana, which restricts cattle rearing in many prime areas of Africa. Sleeping sickness claims comparatively few lives annually, but the risk of major epidemics means that surveillance and ongoing control measures must be maintained.

Amebae Infection Division of Parasitic Diseases
Nonpathogenic Intestinal Amebae Infection

Amebiasis (amebic dysentery)
Amebiasis is an intestinal illness caused by a microscopic parasite called Entamoeba histolytica. Approximately 1,000 cases are reported each year in New York State.

Amebiasis : Article by Robert Swords, MD
Amebiasis - Amebiasis is an infection caused by the protozoal organism Entamoeba histolytica and includes amebic colitis and liver abscess. In developed countries, infection occurs primarily among travelers to endemic regions, recent immigrants from endemic regions, homosexual males, immunosuppressed persons, and institutionalized individuals. Transmission usually occurs by food-borne exposure, particularly when food handlers are shedding cysts or food is cultivated in feces-contaminated soil, fertilizer, or water. Less common means of transmission include contaminated water, oral and anal sexual practices, and ...

Amoebic Liver Abscess by Dr. O.P. Kapoor
Amoebic Liver Abscess

Ancylostoma Infection : Article by Swati Garekar, MBBS
Ancylostoma Infection - Hookworm is the common name for blood-sucking nematodes of the Ancylostomatidae family; the 2 species that most commonly infect humans are Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus.Members of the Ancylostoma genus cause the following 3 clinical entities in humans:Classic hookworm disease is a gastrointestinal (GI) infection with chronic blood loss leading to iron deficiency anemia and protein malnutrition. The disease is caused by A duodenale, the major anthropophilic hookworm, and, less commonly, by the zoonotic species Ancylostoma ...

Anisakiasis
Anisakiasis was first recognized in the Netherlands (Van Thiel et al., 1960). The patient was diagnosed as acute localized entritis of terminal ileum. Surgical operation revealed that a small nematode was penetrating the mucus membrane. The larva was identifed as 3rd-stage larva of Anisakis simplex.

Ascariasis : Article by David R Haburchak, MD
Ascariasis - Ascariasis is the most common helminthic infection, with an estimated worldwide prevalence of 25% (>1.25 billion people). Usually asymptomatic, infections are most prevalent in tropical and developing countries, where they are perpetuated by contamination of soil by human feces or use of untreated feces as fertilizer. Symptomatic disease may be manifested by growth retardation, pneumonitis, intestinal obstruction, or hepatobiliary and pancreatic ...

Ascarids and Hookworms
Ascarids (Toxocara canis, T. cati) and hookworms (Ancylostoma spp.) are common intestinal parasites of dogs and cats (referred to here as pets). Not only can ascarids and hookworms cause disease in their respective hosts, they are also well-known causes of larva migrans syndromes in humans, especially children.

Atypical Crusted Scabies in an Iranian man
Crusted scabies has been defined as a scabies-induced psoriasiform dermatosis on the hands and feet with dystrophy of the nails and an erythematous scaling eruption that may be generalized. This case report demonstrates a patient who presented with widespread psoriasiform plaques that were teeming with scabies mites and eggs, but who had absence of nail and palmar involvement

Babesiosis : Article by Sean O Henderson, MD
Babesiosis - Babesiosis is an intraerythrocytic parasitic infection caused by protozoa of the genus Babesia and transmitted through the bite of the Ixodes tick. The disease most severely affects patients who are elderly, immunocompromised, or have undergone splenectomy. Babesiosis is usually an asymptomatic infection in healthy ...

Balantidiasis : Article by Valda M Chijide, MD
Balantidiasis - Balantidium coli is a ciliated protozoan, and it is also the largest human protozoan. It is known to parasitize the colon, and pigs may be its primary ...

Bancroftian Filariasis : Article by Michael D Nissen, BMedSc, MBBS, FRACP, FRCPA
Bancroftian Filariasis - Bancroftian filariasis refers specifically to filarial infection with the nematode parasite Wuchereria bancrofti. Adult worms usually reside in the large lymphatics of the human host. For a description of other helminth worms that cause lymphatic filariasis (ie, Brugia malayi, Brugia timori), refer to the eMedicine article on ...

Bat Bugs and Bed Bugs
The human bed bug and its relatives form a small group of bloodsucking Insects. It has never been demonstrated that bat bugs and bed bugs transmit any human diseases. Because of the different habits of the various bed bugs, proper identification determines where to direct controls to be most effective.

Bedbug - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bedbugs (or bed bugs) are small nocturnal insects of the family Cimicidae that live by hematophagy, that is by feeding on the blood of humans and other warm-blooded hosts.

Biology and pathology of Onchocerca volvulus
Human onchocerciasis is found in both the Old and New World but about 96% of all cases are in Africa and mostly in Western Africa. Of the 36 countries where the disease is endemic, 30 are in sub-Sahara Africa (plus Yemen) and six are in the Americas. Indeed, important foci exist also in Mexico, Guatemala, Venezuela and Ecuador

CDC - Neato Mosquito - CDC Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases (DVBID)
This curriculum guide is designed to teach 4th grade students about mosquito biology and the prevention of La Crosse encephalitis.

Cestodes
Our textbook brings together more than 100 internationally leading scientists to convey the mechanisms and principles of medical microbiology. Baron; University of Texas Medical Branch.

Chagas Disease (American Trypanosomiasis) : Article by Yves Carlier, MD, MSc
Chagas Disease (American Trypanosomiasis) - Chagas disease is a protozoosis due to the flagellate protozoa Trypanosoma cruzi. The infection usually is transmitted by the feces of blood-sucking insect vectors (reduviid bugs). The infection is found mostly in small mammals (sylvatic cycle), and the human disease results from the colonization of the human habitat by some vector species (domestic cycle). The Brazilian physician Carlos R.J. Chagas discovered American trypanosomiasis in 1909 (see TDR Image Library image ID 9105032). The work of ...

Checklist of the Collembola of the World
All you ever wanted to know about Collembola

Cimex lectularius
Cimex lectularius, the common bed bug, is a bloodsucking nocturnal parasite of man. Other hosts for this bug include chickens, bats, and some domestic animals. Cimex feeds by piercing the host with hollow tubes derived from the maxilla. Saliva injected at the time of feeding is associated with local and sometimes widespread urticaria. This pest has become less important over the last half century with general improvements in household and personal cleanliness

Cirrhosis : Article by David C Wolf, MD, FACP, FACG
Cirrhosis - Definition Cirrhosis represents the final common histologic pathway for a wide variety of chronic liver diseases. The term cirrhosis was first introduced by Laennec in 1826. It is derived from the Greek term scirrhus and is used to describe the orange or tawny surface of the liver seen at autopsy.Many forms of liver injury are marked by fibrosis. Fibrosis is defined as an excess deposition of the components of extracellular matrix (ie, collagens, glycoproteins, proteoglycans) within the liver. ...

Clinical Presentation - Malaria
How different patients of malaria look when they are first seen

Coccidioidomycosis (Infectious Diseases) : Article by Edward L Arsura, MD
Coccidioidomycosis (Infectious Diseases) - Desert fever is a frequently used term describing the clinical presentation of an infection with the fungus Coccidioides immitis. C immitis is a dimorphic fungus that is endemic to certain arid regions in the southwestern United States, Mexico, Central America, and South America. The disease has numerous names related to the location in which it is acquired (eg, valley fever, San Joaquin fever, desert fever, California fever) or clinical manifestations with which it presents (eg, desert ...